Global Foreign Exchange Reserves
$13.1 trillion
Currency composition of official reserves held by 149 central banks worldwide · Q4 2025
The Currency Composition of Official Foreign Exchange Reserves (COFER) is a dataset maintained by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) that tracks how 149 central banks allocate their foreign exchange holdings across major currencies including the US Dollar, Euro, Japanese Yen, and British Pound.
USD Dominance
56.77%
▼ 0.15ppvs previous quarter
EUR Share
20.25%
▼ 0.08ppvs previous quarter
CNY Share
1.95%
▲ 0.02ppvs previous quarter
De-dollarization
-9.5pp
since 2015USD share decline
Currency Allocation
Breakdown by Currency
| Currency | Share | Distribution | QoQ |
|---|---|---|---|
🇺🇸USD | ▼ 0.15pp | ||
🇪🇺EUR | ▼ 0.08pp | ||
🇯🇵JPY | ▼ 0.25pp | ||
🇬🇧GBP | ▼ 0.21pp | ||
🇨🇳CNY | ▲ 0.02pp | ||
🇦🇺AUD | ▼ 0.09pp | ||
🇨🇦CAD | ▼ 0.11pp | ||
🇨🇭CHF | ▼ 0.01pp | ||
🌍OTHER | ▲ 0.88pp |
Explore Reserve Currencies
Historical Composition
Share of global reserves by currency, 2015-2025
The latest quarter reflects official IMF COFER figures. Earlier quarters may include interpolated estimates when the full official history is unavailable.
Quarterly USD Share Change
Key Insights
De-dollarization continues
USD dropped from 71% to 57% share since 2000
Euro holds steady
Stable around 20% for the past decade
Renminbi stalls
Dropped from 2.8% peak to 1.93%
Diversification trend
"Other" currencies grew from 1.7% to ~10%
Frequently Asked Questions
What is COFER data?
COFER (Currency Composition of Official Foreign Exchange Reserves) is a quarterly IMF dataset that tracks how 149 central banks and monetary authorities allocate their foreign exchange reserves across major currencies such as the US Dollar, Euro, Japanese Yen, and British Pound.
How often is COFER data updated?
The IMF publishes COFER data quarterly, with approximately a three-month lag. For example, data covering the fourth quarter is typically released at the end of March the following year.
Which currency has the largest share of global reserves?
The US Dollar remains the dominant reserve currency with roughly 57% of allocated global reserves, followed by the Euro at around 20%. The Japanese Yen, British Pound, and other currencies make up the remainder.
What is de-dollarization?
De-dollarization refers to the gradual decline of the US Dollar share in global reserves as central banks diversify into other currencies. The USD share has fallen from over 70% in 2000 to around 57% today, though the dollar remains by far the most held reserve currency.
Understanding COFER Reserve Data
The COFER dataset provides the most comprehensive view of global foreign exchange reserve allocations. Updated quarterly by the IMF, it reveals how central banks worldwide distribute their reserves across major currencies. The ongoing trend of gradual diversification away from the US Dollar toward alternative currencies reflects shifting geopolitical dynamics and the evolving global financial landscape.